2013年5月24日 星期五

讀聖經學文法:amazed?amazing? 哪個才對啊?


這一篇就用馬可福音第六章的第一個故事提到兩次的文法來講一個文法問題吧!!

A Prophet Without Honor
Jesus left there and went to his hometown, accompanied by his disciples. 
When the Sabbath came, he began to teach in the synagogue, and many who heard him were amazed.
“Where did this man get these things?” they asked. “What’s this wisdom that has been given him? What are these remarkable miracles he is performing? 
Isn’t this the carpenter? Isn’t this Mary’s son and the brother of James, Joseph, Judas and Simon? Aren’t his sisters here with us?” And they took offense at him.
Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his own town, among his relatives and in his own home.” 
He could not do any miracles there, except lay his hands on a few sick people and heal them. 
He was amazed at their lack of faith.

    學英語的第一步,總是從單字開始下手,但英語和中文比較不同的是,中文沒有所謂的時態,而英文卻有分過去、現在、與未來等時態。除了背單字本身以外,大家還會發現,有些時候動詞後面還會加上 –ing-ed這種變化形,實在是令人非常苦惱啊(so disturbing)而這種動詞的變化除了是一種時間上的表現方式,還代表着一種感情的表達方式(簡單來其實就是形容詞啦!!)到底是哪一種感情表達方式呢?我們現在就來看看下面的說明吧~~

    動詞V-ing當形容詞用:事物給人的感覺,有「令人‥‥‥的感覺、使人‥‥‥的感覺」之意
        V-ed當形容詞用:人的感覺。就是人對事物的感覺。有「感到‥‥‥」之意。
    
    拿amaze(v.)(驚訝、驚奇、訝異) – amazing – amazed 這個單字來作說明吧!
    amaze指的是對事情、人、或物感到驚喜、驚奇,有訝異的感覺,同時也可以表達某人、事、物給人的感覺!

(Mark 6:6) He was amazed at their lack of faith 舉例來說,這句話的意思是「他(耶穌)也詫異他們不信」,所以是耶穌對於眾人的不信感到詫異
(Mark 6:51)Then he climbed into the boat with them, and the wind died down. They were completely amazed. 他們心裏十分驚奇」

這兩個例句分別都是講「人對事物的感覺」。

(Proverbs 30:18) There are three things that are too amazing for me. 我所測不透的奇妙有三樣(箴言30:18)」。意思是對我來說,有三件奇妙的事,是令人感到奇妙的事有三樣

以下補充說明幾個常用但容易令人混淆的形容詞:
1.   be interested in:對‥‥‥感到興趣/ be interesting‥‥令人感到有興趣。
例:My daughter is interested in movies.(對看電影有興趣)
例:Movies are interesting to my daughter.
2. be bored with:對‥‥‥感到厭煩/ be boring令人感到厭煩。
 He's bored with eating the same food for breakfast every morning.
 It is boring to him to eat the same food for breakfast every morning.
3. be excited about:對感到興奮/ be exciting令人感到興奮。
例: We were excited about the game tomorrow.
 The game tomorrow was exciting to us.
4. be surprised at:對感到驚訝/ be surprising令人感到有趣。
 Linda is surprised at his son's high grades on the English test.
 Linda’s son's high grades on the English test are surprising to her.

    
  這些時態的文法概念常常把大家搞得一頭霧水。尤其是在口語表達時,要努力擠出腦袋中僅有的單字量說話時已經有點吃力,還要注意時態,實在是非常地令人困擾!!所以在這裡提供大家一些容易記住的小技巧,原來動詞也是可以變成形容詞使用的,只要懂得分辨「人對事物的感覺」、「事物給人的感覺」其實就可以套用到很多生活上的口語溝通喔!

  今天介紹的這個文法概念,其實在英文裡有個專有名詞,叫「現在分詞」與「過去分詞」,但總覺得學英文如果都是硬生生的講文法概念,實在是很難消化與吸收的。所以我盡量用比較貼近生活上的觀念來講、最容易學習的方向來解釋,希望能給大家幫助。   

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